The paper discusses changes caused by coming into force, at the beginning of 2012, the new geological and mining law, in the area of reconciling municipalities' spatial planning with mining activity. It considers at the same time dilemmas related to interpretation of regulations of the Act. The paper starts with examining regulations which aim at protecting documented mineral deposits and groundwater. It then presents the ways to interpret the use of real estates as dictated by local plans and their use as it is dictated by master plans for obtaining concessions resulting from this Act. This paper also covers regulations which allow for establishment of local plans (and specification of their problematics) for mining areas. It also discusses consequences resulting from necessity of compatibility between master and local plans.